第四十九章 我常常感觉自己是个废人。(1 / 2)

除夕的到来,将汴京城的喜庆气氛推上了新的高峰。

治平四年这一年的正月还没有十五,英宗正月八日驾崩,汴京城便取消了元宵赏灯,之后一年,汴京城虽然没有人人缟素,但一些大型的娱乐活动还是不允许的,对于喜欢热闹的汴京人来说,可算是憋坏了。

到了年底,新的一年即将开始,这种氛围已经彻底解开了,于是压抑的热情便如同火山一般爆发出来了。

除夕这一天,整个汴京城已经陷入了节庆日的狂欢之中,可以预料到的是,在接下来的十五天内,这种狂欢会越来越激烈,并在元宵节那一天达到高潮。

这也是陈家兄弟来到汴京城的第一个春节。

不过他们已经没有时间去参与其中了,他们只能听着外面喧闹的声音,有锣鼓声、鞭炮声、欢笑声、车水马龙声……在各种声音之中,他们倔强地发出读书声:

“……至诚之道,可以前知。国家将兴,必有祯祥;国家将亡,必有妖孽……”

陈宓一边读一边看着挥舞着戒尺的张载,等他们读完,张载便总结陈词:“……老夫少年时候任侠好兵事,后遇上了范文正公,文正公劝我读中庸,于是从那时候开始,老夫才开始读中庸。

唐初,《礼记》入选《五经正义》,从而升格为天下士子的科考经书,《中庸》也随之水涨船高,备受关注。

到了中唐,禅宗与道教高度发达,禅风道气弥漫士林。很多文坛领袖与士林贤达都把《中庸》作为沟通儒释道三教的一座桥梁。

这种风气蔓延至今,大儒们无不重视中庸,所以,这中庸需得读深读透,这对以后沟通道佛也有好处,老夫的学说,非局限于儒,而是通读儒道释三家之后的结果,所以,你们从我治学,便该从中庸开始……读深读透!……”

说完了总结,张载百年开始仔细给两个弟子讲解其中之释义。

一开始只是讲解其中基本释义,继而便是进行延伸解读,与其余四书五经进行勾连解释,将儒家之宗旨给提炼出来,先将书读薄,之后便是进行读厚的过程,不过这个时间需得三四个月之久。

陈宓一开始还是有些抵触的,但随着课程的深入,却是爱上了这种读书法,这可能是张载本身就是儒家大宗师的原因,一篇《中庸》,共不过三千五百多字,按照张载的分法,却被分为三十三章,四大部分。

传的是自上古大圣以来的儒家道统心法,其内容涉及为人处世之道、德行标准及学习方式等诸多方面。

第一章到第十九章的内容着重从多个角度论述中庸之道的普遍性和重要性。

第二十章承上启下,从鲁哀公向孔子询问处理政务的方法一事着手,通过孔子的回答指出了施行政事与加强人自身修养之间的密切关系,并进一步阐明天下通行的五项伦理关系、三种德行以及治理国家的九条原则。

在此章的最后引出全书后半部分的核心“诚”,并强调要做到“诚”的五个具体方面。

第二十一章到第三十三章的内容,便是围绕“诚”来展开的。

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