第八十二章 官道(1 / 2)

大明崇祯二年十二月二十日,晴。

火器哨离开了破庙继续在小路上行进,这小路上也是坑坑洼洼,很难行走,好在这是冬天,道路比较结实,倒是走的不慢。照理说这京郊外围应该是建奴哨骑密布,有可能队伍都被集中去其他地方作战,这边确实没有再见到建奴,只能说是运气好。

队伍终于在午时远远地看到了一些密集的建筑物,向导说那边就是官道了,又走了半个时辰就到了官道一侧,看着倒塌或者焚毁的市集房屋,管道上倒是有些逃难的百姓拖家带口在往京城方向走去,这边看到身披黄色披风没有旗帜的队伍也是没有什么反应,只是远远地躲开。

张元彪此时也不愿多事,就领着队伍上了官道,也不理会那些四散奔逃的百姓,就是催着向导和队伍赶紧走路,争取早日离开这条危险的官道,再进入小路往天津卫方向走。

这所谓的官道其实就是官府负责修缮的道路,主要就是链接州府与各地的主干道,这种官道一般就是能够容得下两个马车行进,人人都可以走,但是不能占用道路,京城作为天下首善之地,这官道修的也算是气派,达到了四辆马车并行的程度,接近京城的还有青石板,这个时代算是顶级的高速公路。

明朝初期朝廷运转得力,道路修缮的都比较考究,维护的也还算尽心尽力,但是到了王朝的后期,这官道也是年久失修,雨天泥泞难行,晴天尘土飞扬,即便是如此,这也是当时条件下最好的道路,每年无数人百姓与官僚从此路进入京城。

除了官道以外还有小路,这个就不怎么考究了,一般是能容得下一辆马车走动,往往是链接着小一点的城镇,王朝初年还可能有各地的乡绅维护,到了后期就是爱走不走的境地。所以中国人对于修路还是非常的敬重,不管是宗教信仰还是生活需要,路和桥的完备就是大大的功德。

有句话就是“杀人放火金腰带,修桥补路无尸骸”,这句话就说出了大奸大恶与大善大美的区别,虽然形容的不怎么恰当,也是道出了人民群众对于道路的重视。

除了这两种道路,基本上就是农田与树林,难以行动不说,还少有人烟,古代大军征战靠的就是后勤与掠夺,在山林里几万人走着抢不到东西吃,都不用打就自己瓦解了。所以古代的战争都是围绕着交通线路作战,尤其是中原王朝,大军一动几十万离开官道就很难前进,往往就是在官道上和城市外围大打出手,真正选在鸟不拉屎的地方打那是脑子有问题或者形势所迫没有办法。

当然,元蒙等游牧民族北方入侵是例外,人家的骑兵在平原上完全不用考虑太多的补给和行军速度问题,可以随意地选择交战地地点与规模,遇到这种不爱寻求决战的军队,中原王朝除了筑城守备也没好办法。现在的后金军更是威力加强版游牧民族,除了机动灵活之外,还有心思主动寻求决战,加上缴获甚多,所以对于官道的重视也在明军之上。

“大人,走了几天,才到永定门的官道。”向导说道:“再往前走就会到左安门的官道,现在这一条事北京南城最大的官道,小路不多了,前边大都是仓库和市集,一部分的地运所和驿站,以前是繁华的紧。”

“官道和大路危险,咱们尽量走小路,你好好算计一下,别把大伙都折在这里。”张元彪说道。

“那就要在管道上往南走一段,约莫二里,那边有个小路是通向张家村,那张家村都是皇庄的佃农,苦哈哈的所以路不怎么好走,咱们走那边怎么样?”向导问道。

“没油水,建奴也不会想着去吧。”张元彪说道:“就去张家村那边。”

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