347【铸炮与回京】(2 / 2)

梦回大明春 王梓钧 1237 字 2022-06-01

需要几个月时间的木制炮模,用失蜡法一个多月就搞定。先用蜂蜡做成铸件模型,再用耐火材料填充泥芯、敷成外范,加热烘烤后蜡模熔化,一个炮模就这样轻松制成。

王渊害怕耐火泥范承受不住钢水高温,还专门命令工匠掺入石墨。

整个过程,把葡萄牙铸炮师看得目瞪口呆。

接下来,便是把炮模运去绍兴铁厂,用坩埚炼钢法炼出钢水,然后直接浇铸成钢炮。

世界上第一尊真正意义上的钢炮,就此诞生!

按葡萄牙人的叫法,这是一尊舰载加农炮(滑膛),口径17厘米,全长225厘米,弹膛长216厘米。可发射12磅重石弹,或者30磅重铁弹——欧洲此时还没用弹重量来区分火炮。

按大明的叫法,这是一尊五百斤炮。

它为什么比大明的火炮先进?

除了射程远之外,还有射速优势。有一个母铳(主炮管),另有五个子铳(副炮管),子铳相当于火炮的药室部分,可在子铳填装弹药,轮流安入腹部的长口内发射,属于欧洲早期后装炮的改进型。

“这是……钢炮?”葡萄牙铸炮师们,围着火炮不敢置信。

这些家伙偷偷打量炼钢炉,却根本看不明白。他们不知道坩埚加了石墨,也不知道有助熔剂存在,便是回去禀告葡萄牙总督,也根本不可能用坩埚炼钢。

五百斤的钢炮,已经是铸造极限,动用了整个铁厂的十多座炼钢炉。

王渊也不打算把铁厂搬迁到海边,万一遇到海盗突袭怎么办?倒是杭州城外可以开分厂,专门为铸炮提供钢水,那里有钱塘水师护卫着,一般而言是没有问题的。

拉出去试炮,45度仰角射击,最远射程超过1500米。

但若是海战,六七百米为最佳射程,太远了便精度不够,能不能命中全看运气。

王渊又让葡萄牙铸炮师,与中国的铜匠、炮匠联手,制作小型野战加农炮。炮身上装轮子,仅重百余斤,可发射石弹、铁弹和散弹,射程勉强达到500米。

一口气造了二十门,还顺便铸了许多铁弹。

这样批量生产火炮,放在十六世纪是不可想象的,只能说坩埚炼钢法属于超时代的发明,它本该两百多年后才能问世!

但它的技术原理,确实又不复杂,只需解决坩埚的耐热问题,以及解决助熔剂的问题便可。

王渊动用绍兴民夫,运送火炮前往杭州,打算搭乘海船在天津登陆。

再晚,朱厚照就要骂娘了,因为这时已经是六月份。

王渊的浙江总督职务还保留着,一切工作交给张璁代理。

投奔总督的侠客宁搏涛,带着一帮太湖水匪,已经整体编入钱塘水师。王渊为宁搏涛弄来个副千户官身,算是监督浙江备倭总督满正,免得满正吃空饷把水师给练废了。

新来的浙江南关主事,被王渊敲打一番,继续扣留木材给水师造船。而铁厂与浙江都司,也继续展开官民合作,为还没造好的海船浇铸火炮。

这些练兵、造船、铸炮的钱,都挪用自钞关和海关税银。

得知王总督即将回京,浙江士绅痛哭流涕、如丧考妣,自发组织起来在港口相送。这场面,让决定留在杭州的传教士卡米洛,更加深刻的认识到人民对总督有多么爱戴。

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