第八十六章工坊国营(2 / 2)

“即考工衙所有人员为官府募员,食俸禄而无官职。以免其利用官职,不法经营。其架构形式一如民间商业作坊。”

审配还要理解一下这种运行模式,张瑞却瞬间就有了具体印象,类似于后世的国营企业。

国营企业的重要性在初高中政治课本上都已经讲的很明白了。

张瑞作为一个文科生,对这个还是有所了解的。

国营企业最大的优势,就是集中力量办大事,在钢铁冶炼、能源生产、大规模基建方面,都具有主导地位。

最适合孟朝初期的工业化推进。

少府是皇室的私库,采用什么运作形式无需公卿大臣共议。

张瑞直接拍板决定,说道:“可,三衙便如此划分即可。”

“七司则分为御用司、御马司、尚宝司、神宫司、尚膳司、尚衣司、掌礼司,分别管理宫廷御用器皿骏马牛羊畜牧,掌宝玺、符牌、印章,掌太高各庙洒扫、香灯等……”

沮授说话间,其他官员便陆续到齐,张瑞抬手打断了沮授的介绍:“这些详细曹司,卿自行决断即可。”

“诸卿且入座。”

“谢陛下赐座。”

待众人安坐之后,张瑞主动开口,说道:“皇家虽富有四海,但若存饕餮之心,则必使国库空虚,家国不宁。所谓四海穷苦,天禄永终。今日请诸卿参与此议,便是听诸卿说说,该如何划分国库、少府二者之间进项与来源。”

诸夏讲究中庸之道,张瑞只是挑了好听的说。

事实上,若少府的进项太少,给皇帝的内帑太少,也是一个巨大的隐患。唐朝便是前车之鉴。

唐朝少府进项极少,所以皇帝内帑空虚,经常想方设法的侵吞国库财富。到了后期,干脆内帑、国库不分家。

中唐之后地方藩镇都不向中央朝廷纳税。有些藩镇过意不去,或者怕国家穷疯了来打自己。就借此以贡献皇帝私人的名义给朝廷送钱。

民部中郎国渊率先开口说道:“我朝更重国库而轻内帑,相比秦汉两朝,我朝划分给内帑的赋税的确极少。”

“在前汉,除少府所掌园池苑囿、山地荒野出假后的假税皆归皇室所有外。私营工、商营业税,关卡税,海税,铸币产出,甚至七至十四岁儿童每人口赋二十钱亦归皇室所有。”

“这些在我朝,或免除赋税,或归国库,无一划归少府。”

张瑞看了国渊一眼,这位大臣显然给汉室留了面子。

“渭水不洗口赋起”说的就是汉室横征暴敛,赋税沉重。

国家十四岁以上每人每年都要交一笔人头税,名为算赋,这个归国库所有。

口赋就是指对儿童征收的人头税,归皇室所有。但是这个赋税的底线早就低到没边了。七岁,那是汉室最初的状态。到了汉灵帝时期,只要生了孩子,活过半年,就要年年上交口赋,而且早就不是二十钱,不知道已经翻了多少倍。

这也是为什么汉朝人口统计情况要比后世更精准详细,这都是为了赋税。

同时,这也是为什么汉室豪强能够作大。百姓被赋税所逼,更愿意成为隐户。

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