第四百二十七章 大雪中的辩论(上)(1 / 2)

雅骚 贼道三痴 1626 字 2022-07-27

十一月十一日的一场纷纷扬扬的大雪让张原的“冰河说”再次成为京中士庶的话题,上了年纪的老者都说这天气果然冷得异常,嘉靖时都不会这么冷,就是近二十年雪灾、冰冻、干旱才这么频繁,去年山东、河南灾民作乱至今尚未平息,就京城民众而言,且不说其他,单这过冬的煤炭一年年涨价就让他们很烦恼,大明朝的日子不好过啊——

自董仲舒“天人感应”学说盛行以来,儒臣往往把天灾当作上天对下界民众的警告,普通百姓没什么好警告的,警告的是君主,儒臣借天灾规劝皇帝要修德勤政、要改正错误的政令、要行惠政爱民,皇帝是至尊,只有借天威来使其畏惧,这当然是一种制约皇权的手段,有时皇帝也会摆摆样子听从劝告,但到了万历末年,灾害频繁,万历皇帝置身于历朝历代皇帝当中应该算得中等,没有那么残暴酷虐,何至于上天就要一再警告?党争兴起之后,天灾也经常被利用来攻击对手、用来逼迫皇帝而达成某党的私利,救国无一策,只会无休止的内斗——

现在张原似有以“冰河说”否定“天人感应说”的用心,这让以首辅方从哲为首的一部分大臣颇为不满,当然,更多朝臣对此是持无所谓态度的,因为这与他们的利益无关。

……

大雪从冬月十一日午后开始下起,紧一阵、慢一阵,直至第二天上午雪还在下,这日轮到张原入宫进讲,辰时三刻,张原冒雪入宫,在东华门边未见小内侍高起潜等候,便径自去文华殿,沿路可见小火者在扫雪,雪还在不停地下,扫雪的努力显得徒劳——

来到文华门,却见殿门紧闭,给皇太子讲学的右春坊右庶子成基命也在门楼下等着,见礼毕,张原看着地表皑皑的积雪和天上不断落下的雪花,说道:“这大雪天,皇太子和皇长孙恐怕不会出阁听讲吧。”

成基命道:“若要免讲,会传旨的,我们再等等。”因问张原后日辩论准备得如何了?

张原道:“倒是读了一些书,只怕依然难与启龠东先生和莲池大师相辩啊。”

成基命笑道:“翰社刊行的《几何原本》等书我也买了几部来看,惭愧,很不好懂,只有《伊索寓言》颇为有趣,类似佛家的《百喻经》。”

张原道:“泰西之学与我们大明的学问大不相同,大明的学问虽也重视格物致知,但还是以伦理道德为主,而泰西之学近两百年来的主流是重视理性和实证,他们通过一系列实验来归纳总结,比如《几何原本》,有明确的推理顺序,按照书里提供的方法可以计算出事物的大小、高低,《泰西水法》中对灌溉、排水中的难题都有实实在在的解决办法,非常实用,这对大明的伦理之学是有补益的,在下参加此次辩论,并非要大力支持天主教士传教,也不是以西学来排挤大明的国学,只是不想让南京沈侍郎那样不分青红皂白地排外,想为西学争一席之地而已,也是为我大明艰难的时局谋一条出路。”

成基命是叶向高的门生,叶向高与利玛窦很有交情,成基命对天主教和西学也并不排斥,点头道:“张修撰有经世致用之志,让人敬佩,十五日国子监大辩论我也会去旁听,我是詹士府指定的评判之一。”

张原含笑道:“请成大人秉公而断。”

成基命笑道:“那是当然,你若辩不过,我可不敢包庇你。”

在文华门前等了小半个时辰,成基命和张原的脚都快冻麻了,才看到东宫太监韩本用来传东宫谕旨,说今日皇太子和皇长孙不出阁进讲,请两位先生自行出宫,又道:“隆冬酷寒,千岁爷年内不会再出阁讲学了,明春开讲之期届时会传旨。”

张原心道:“既不出阁讲学,那也早点通知我们啊,这大雪天的冻得难受。”便与成基命往回走,刚走到诰敕房的高墙外,却听后面有人唤道:“张先生请稍等。”

张原回头看时,却是小内侍高起潜快步追上来,高起潜向张原施礼道:“长哥要见张先生,在御药房那边等着呢。”

长哥就是皇长孙,御药房就在文华殿后门与慈庆宫大门之间,张原向成基命拱拱手,便随高起潜去了,远远的就看到御药房边的雪地上立着几个人,快步走近才看清正是皇长孙朱由校、太监钟本华、魏进忠,还有乳娘客印月,张原长揖施礼——

朱由校锦帽貂裘,手里捧着一个黄铜暖炉,这时将暖炉交给客印月,还礼道:“张先生,今日不讲课,要等到明年开春天暖后再开讲了,要有两、三个月见不到张先生,所以今日来送送张先生,知道张先生家眷已入京,我让钟师傅备了一份薄礼送给张先生的家眷。”

张原不禁感动,皇长孙朱由校很有人情味啊,当下深深致谢。

朱由校问:“张先生的令郎几岁了,什么名字?”

张原答道:“七个月大,名叫张鸿渐。”

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